What does the term "attachment" refer to in developmental psychology?

The term "attachment" in developmental psychology refers to an emotional bond between a child and a caregiver. This bond is crucial for the child’s social, emotional, and cognitive development, influencing their ability to form relationships throughout life. John Bowlby, a prominent figure in attachment theory, emphasized that this relationship provides a secure base for the child as they explore the world, contributing to their sense of security and well-being.

Attachment relationships typically manifest in various forms, such as secure, anxious, or avoidant attachment styles, which can affect a child's development and later relationships. The quality of attachment can shape how a child responds to stress, develops empathy, and relates to others in adulthood. This understanding underscores the importance of nurturing care in early development and highlights the relevance of the caregiver's responsiveness in forming healthy attachment patterns.